Southern’s Middle Ages

Southern’s Middle Ages In the novel, â€Å"The Making of the Middle Ages,† author, R. W. Southern, calls attention to the events during the years of 972 and 1204, and how they  influenced the intellectual, religious and cultural traditions of our modern era. This period, lasting well over 200 years, is usually associated with waring knights and starving peasants rather than highly developed intellect and great innovation.However, Southern explains that there were considerable academic and sociological advancements made during this period, that go relatively unnoticed. He refers to these events as a â€Å"secret revolution† and explains that, â€Å"The significant events are often the obscure ones, and the significant utterances are often those of men withdrawn from the world and speaking to a very few. † (Pg. 13)   He reiterates this theme throughout the book, focusing primarily on Christianity, society, and thought.There can be no dispute that the pr ominence of Christianity, during the Middle Ages, has done more to shape the world, as it is today, than possibly any other religion. This is primarily because Christianity offered a unifying, stabilizing force throughout Europe, where a majority of areas had an â€Å"incoherent jumble of laws and customs, difficult to adjust to each other and hard even to understand. The survivals of barbaric codes of law jostled with varying mixtures of Roman law, local custom, and violence†. pg 15) Christendom provided Europe with a unified identity in language, government, and education. It is no great mystery that language plays an important role in the creation of personal relationships between individuals. So when applied on an international stage, language can mean the difference between war and peace. The church’s use of Latin acted as a merging factor in areas where people spoke in diverse and various dialects. As stated by Southern â€Å"This broad similarity of language fr om the lowlands of Scotland to Sicily was a real bond between men. (pg 17) The unifying quality of Latin not only bound men together linguistically, but also allowed those from different countries to move about freely with little or no language barrier. â€Å"The likenesses of language over this broad area were sufficiently pronounced to facilitate ease of movement both of men and of ideas: it took relatively few alterations to make a Provencal song intelligible in England, and a member of the English baronage could, without uch difficulty, make himself at home in Italy† (pg 20). As a side effect of the church being the one constant variable of the European continent, individual governments became subjugated to the power of the church. Christendom had developed such a loyal following that the peoples of the European nations, including those in power, were dependent on the church for moral and political authority. In this way, Christianity helped to unify countries that would otherwise be at odds with each other.Through the unification of these nations, the church grew to be the most commanding institution of Europe, enforcing that â€Å"all paid a form of tribute known as Peter’s Pence, which was the foundation of more or less determined claims to Papal overlordship; and when Bohemia finally became a kingdom, its new status was guaranteed by a Papal confirmation† (pg 27) The influence of the church was so great that all countries were reliant upon it, and were only recognized as sovereign nations, when determined as so, with the expressed confirmation of the Pope.Above all though, the most distinguishing impact that Christianity had, was a result of the crusades. Southern states that, â€Å"Even the Crusades only touched the fringe of this hostile world. But they had one great effect: they opened men’s minds to the size of the uncovered world. † (70) These wars brought people to the edges of their culture and introduced to th em to thier neighbors of the Muslim world where there was a literal collide and infusion of new thought, which Southern calls â€Å"The great period of acquisition†. pg 68) At this time, the advancement in the Muslim’s refined scientific knowledge and mathematic skills, which â€Å"had been intensively cultivated by Moslem Scholars† (65) were transferring and even being sought after by those in academia. The Jewish culture was instrumental as well in that they were effective in the translation of the two different languages. Maribel Dietz, author of â€Å"Wandering Monks,Virgins and Pilgrims† writes on the effects the journeys of the pilgrims had on not only the institutional church, but on society and thought.As stated in her novel â€Å"In an environment of religious, political, and social change, movement itself was now open to a multiplicity of meanings, interpretations, and purposes. †(pg 42) The crusades resulted in a surge of material and in tellectual wealth coming back to Europe from the front lines. Southern discusses the transfer of Muslim knowledge during these wars, Throughout his novel Southern looks at society and the individual. He writes about the importance certain groups and individuals within a particular community as well as the growth of society global scale.One particular group he writes about is women. Women, during this time period, were often given very little recognition. However, the power they wielded during the middle ages was far greater than many have been led to believe. Henry Chaucer often wrote on the subject of women. In his famous poem â€Å"The Canterbury Tales† he gives an in depth look at the power that women held. In one particular section of the poem the wife of bath describes a great deal of her life, omitting very little detail.She describes herself as being a strong woman who makes a habit of manipulating her husbands. â€Å"I will have a husband who will be both my debtor a nd servant, and have his tribulation upon his flesh, while I am his wife. As long as I live I, and not he, have the power over his body. † Regardless of the fact that history shows men as having all the power, in reality women held a great deal of power often through the manipulation of men. While Southern does not address the manipulation of men by women as Chaucer does, he does address the binding nature of marriage.He states in one passage â€Å"the way for this diffusion of rules of conduct and guides to statesmanship was prepared by something less tangible than ideals – it was prepared by the bond of marriage. † During the time in which Southern is writing about, marriage was more that just an expression of love by two individuals. It was an event that could mean the literal difference between life and death. The marriage of a couple was a binding of two families and often two nations if the individuals being married were nobles. In particular he focuses on the influence women have in marriage.Women during this time were married to men for many reasons, each having some sociopolitical ramification. Often times they would leave their home country as a result of a marriage which meant that they were immersed in a new culture, absorbing new ideas as well as spreading ideas from their own homeland. Southern makes a point of this by stating â€Å"Women were less rooted in the soil than men; they brought new influences from distant parts and established bonds between men of little or no identity of purpose or of interest. † This bonding of men from different cultures through women could and did have vast ramifications on society as a whole.One such example is that of Agnes of Aquitaine who was married the King of Germany, and the Holy Roman Emperor, Henry the 3rd. 13 years after their marriage in 1056 Agnes was left widowed and became regent for her infant son. Her reign lasted for 6 years at the end of which she was run out by an upr ising. After her reign ended she became well known for her religious devotion and was the chief ambassador between the Papal court and her son, Holy Roman Emperor, Henry the 4th. She was well known and had considerable influence in the political world. The case Agnes is just one of many that show the power women held during the this time period.Southern moves from the world of women and marriage into the world of men and the nuances of class that men could hold. A common term used when talking about class in the middle ages is the term serf. A serf was a person who was essentially a volintary slave who worked for a lord or religious institution, often working the land and paying a portion of their harvest to their master. It was also possible to be born into serfdom if one was born to parents who were serfs or were promised by their parents to a lord or institution. Education during the middle ages is often seen as something that was essentially non-existant.While it is true that it was more difficult to learn, as a result of geographic restrictions, the enthusiatic pursuit of knowledge never ceased or deminished during this time period. St. Augustine wrote the De Doctrina Christiana, which Southern refers to as â€Å"the most comprehensive syllabus of Christian Studies. †(pg 170) Augustine’s book outlines the way that science is too be used to better understand the bible. It is at this time during the middle ages when science and religion not only go hand in hand, but are practically indistinguishable from each other.And it is not until Boethius attempts to revive the ideas and philosophy of ancient Greece and Rome that this system began to change. Boethius’s dream to translate Greek science and philosophy into Latin, was the precurser to the renaissance and inspired others such as Gerbert, who revived the art of rhetoric. It is at this point that one can begin to see the shift from Augustine’s combination of science and religion i nto a new era when the two begin to split. Southern calls itâ€Å"the divorce between Divine and Secular learning† (pg 173) .What started out as a way of understanding religion was becoming a secular endevoure. Southern, R. W. The Making of The Middle Ages. Fredericksburg, Virgina: BookCrafters, Inc. , 1953. (accessed November 4, 2012). toatinthe Ancien Early in the period covered by this novel scientific knowledge was something that went hand in hand with the search for biblical truth. St. Augustine was wrote on this subject stating that clergy should use science to better interpret the meaning of the bible, and theological studies where indistinguishable with scientific.This changed later on when (insert name here) began to draw a p The majority of the european continent consisted of a rural and uneducated society, with diverse political and religious practices, besieged by violent invaders. Conclusion â€Å"Countries which , in 972, appeared so menacing had become by the end of our period an integral part, and to all appearances a permanent part, of Western Christendom† (pg 27) education the popes kings and emperors united in defensive of the perceived threat of islam and roaming tribes

History of the Beer Growler Essay

Introduction I. Attention-getter: Does anyone know what the term â€Å"Growler† means and how it relates to beer? (merriam-webster. com) A container for beer bought by the measure (can, pitcher, bottle, etc) II. Thesis statement: Beer is drank everyday in the United States, without a single consideration of the vessels they come in or how they came to be. III. Preview of Main Points: Today were going to discuss, when the growler first emerged, how it got its name, and the common day growler. Transition: Starting with my first point, when growlers first appeared. 1. The first growlers are believed to have emerged in the mid 1800s. A. The consumer wanted to drink beer at home, and during lunch breaks at work. B. They were the only way to have beer outside of the saloon or local tavern C. Growlers varied from glass, to pottery, to the most popular being a 2qt galvanized pail with lid. D. (focusonthebeer. com) they were sold as a pint, and filled 1/2 beer, and 1/2 foam. . Transition: Now that we have discussed when they emerged, let’s talk about how they got their name. 2. The term growler is actually up for some debate. A. Some believe it was sound of CO2 escaping from the lid of the pail. B. Others believe it was rumbling of the stomachs of workers waiting to have beer during lunch. C. (bottles. net) Many also believe it was conflict between the bartender, and the customer. The customer was â€Å"growling† about not having a full pail, and the bartender was â€Å"growling† about only having to charge for a pint. Transition: Lastly we are going to discuss the common day growler. 3. It wasn’t until 1989 when it emerged again, in what we are familiar with today in terms of the growler A. (beeradvocate. com) In 1989 Charlie Otto is being credited for what we see in today’s growler B. (grandtetonbrewing. com) formerly â€Å"Otto brothers brewing company† Otto wanted to allow his customers to take beer home and enjoy it. C. After discussing this with his father, his father told him he needs a growler, which his father remembers getting filled for his father. D. Common day growler is a glass jug with a small handle. Often times with the Brewery label silk screened on the bottle Conclusion A. Review of Main Points: Today we have went over when the growler emerged, how it got its name, and the common day growler. B. Residual message: Today the growler is particularly popular with the craft beer breweries; it is believed to have stopped over 1 billion bottles, and cans going into the trash each year. References: Source 1 Merriam-Webster, 2013. Definition of the word Growler. Available from Merriam-Webster via internet (http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/growler). Source 2 IGrind, November 12, 2011. The Growler: Part 1 The Past. Available via the internet (http://www. focusonthebeer. com/2011/11/growler-part-1-past. html) Source 3 Jess Kidden, 2013. History of the Growler Available via the internet (http://www. bottless. net/The_History_of_The_Beer_Growler_s/605. htm) Source 4 BeerAdvocate, July 31, 2002. The Growler: Beer-to-Go! Available via the internet (http://beeradvocate. com/articles/384) Source 5 Grand Teton Brewing, Growler History. Available via the internet (http://www. grandtetonbrewing. com/Growlers. html).

Accountant in Private or Public Sector Should Remain Impartial

Accountant In Private Or Public Sector Should Why Remain Impartial? An accountant in private or public sector should remain impartial and also loyal to ethical guidelines when preparing and reviewing the company’s financial statements for reporting purposes. Some of the contemporary issues that affect an accountant in the workplace emanate from outside or forces within trying to ensure that financial records are manipulated to make the company appear as if it is making profits when this is far from the truth(Anandarajan and Simmers, 2002). This leads to both criminal and ethical violations. The balance from the legal point of view can be considered as the assets and rights in favor of the company in a given moment of time (assets), the obligations contracted at that date (liabilities) and, as a difference, the property belonging to the owners (Bowie and Werhane, 2006). From the economic point of view, the balance sheet shows the sources of financing that existed at any given time, both from third parties outside the company, as well as from the owners of the company (liabilities and assets) and the investment or application that has been given To that (active) financing. Some of the work place problems include: the goal of makeup or "beautification" of the balance sheet is to make the company's liquidity situation appear more favorable. From this point of view, it is customary to practice transferences of securities or feigned transactions in books, aimed at taking sums from accounts considered as not realizable to other accounts held by more liquid, before the balance sheet is drawn up. Irregularities to records or accounting reports for any fraudulent purpose may be "employee fraud" or "management fraud". Employee fraud refers to dishonest acts done against the company by its employees. Examples include asset theft, charging lower sales prices to "favored" customers, receiving money from suppliers, overestimating hours worked, filling expense accounts, and embezzlement (theft of assets that Is hidden by falsifying accounting records). Management fraud refers to a deliberate misrepresentation made by top management of a business to outsiders, tending to mislead investors or creditors, concealing the truth, and to this can be added the rudeness between partners, as well Such as the fraudulent management of Directors and Directors, which may consist of misappropriation of funds or distortion of Balance Sheet. This naturally entails having to make false entries during the course of the business year, which will alter the time of the statement of the balance when it is being drawn up. The most common is that such false seats take place during the inventory; Excessive wages to managers and / or their families which allows management to use them for personal purposes; Fraudulently structured business transactions between the company and members of its senior management; Transfer of accounts to another that have nothing to do with the origin of the operation; Seats that have been embroiled in order to maintain or introduce certain values not included in the balance sheet, as in the case of value depreciation in the "goods" account when part of the goods is damaged; Fictional sales; Fictive existence of assets; False overvaluation of the Asset; Omission of commitments; Indication of a major change to the real, among many others.   According to the manner and time of its execution, the accounting offenses of the employers are broken down into three categories: those committed in the course of the exercise(Bragg, 2001). Those that are made when formulating the inventory with repercussion on the balance sheet and the offenses of balance proper, in the most limited sense, which affect the accounts of the Major to obtain the balance sheet. Management that wants to hide the situation of their business can do it in two directions: up or down. In the first case there is the purpose of making the commercial capacity appear in the books and vice versa in the second; The final effect is to distort the general situation, according to the interest that may exist according to the prevailing circumstances. The above risks are commonly handled in risk management of companies, but how could we translate them into an accounting firm? Perhaps we could handle them as quantitative, qualitative risks, risks arising from the management of the business and results of recent audits. The quantitative risk should be evaluated by aspects such as the sufficiency of the cash flows of the business, the amount of capital of the firm itself, the sufficiency of the fees to collect the financial situation of the business, and so on(Careers in accounting, 2008).The qualitative risk of the business should be given by aspects such as the industry in which the firm is immersed with its main customers, its number of customers and suppliers, management experience in charge of the business, number of products on the market, personnel Key in the operation, and so on. The problem arising from the operation of the business, by the administration in charge, results from such issues as the pressure of the partners to generate profits or positive cash flows, financing needs, additional capital, reserves not to recognize (Or recognize) inadequate income, very high administrative compensation based on results. Indications of unhealthy accounting practices may also result in a risk, only comparable to the lack of sincerity (to hide information) of the administration towards the partners of the firm. The results of recent audits of our own accounts and controls can point us to the risks that other Accounting professionals have detected in the recent past. The pressure to impose ideas, unreasonable dates of reporting, detected frauds, unexplained departures from the firm's staff, and so on. Litigation is also a source of risk for the firm, as well as operations or contracts unnecessarily complex with parts of the firm, etcetera(Weetman, 2016).As can be seen, trying to convert traditional general risks into landed risks for the accounting profession (specific industry) is complex and it is only after a careful evaluation of them, their weights and their balances that can lead to knowing Whether the risk you are taking with your contracts is acceptable or not. One suggestion to carry out such an assessment of the total risks of the firm is the development of one or more risk matrices in which the different types of risk to which the firm is subject are evaluated by assigning values of each of the different risks Noted above. Once the analysis was developed through a matrix with weighted data, the result would be a scheme, perhaps as follows With limited exceptions, issuers may not extend or maintain credit, extend credit arrangements, or renew an extension of credit, in the form of a personal loan for any of their senior managers or executives(Test of professional competence in management accounting, 2013). An existing credit extension will not be subject to this prohibition if there is no material modification to the credit extension or renewal after the enactment of the law.   This fraud strongly impacts the financial statements. It can include asset theft, concealment of debts, manipulation of income, manipulation of expenses, among others.     Alteration of information: change of information before or during computer entry. Anyone who has access to the process of creating, registering, transporting, encoding, examining, converting information that enters the computer can do so.   Trojan horse: It consists of placing additional instructions in a program so that, in addition to its own functions, it performs an unauthorized function. It can be done by anyone who has access to any file normally used by the program. It's easy to hide among hundreds of program instructions. It can also be hidden in the operating system. They are introduced preferentially by adding the unauthorized change when implementing an authorized change to the program. Salami Technique: Theft of small amounts from a large number of records through fraud in the program. The funds thus obtained are applied to a special account. Control totals do not change. The person equipped with this course are   considered to be trusted advisors to managers who did not have a leading and driving role, much less control and monitoring, since their role was confined to making recommendations on the progress of the company and the management of its executives , Validating with their presence and their signature the acts of those, to such an extent that in business language a radical line was made between what was management and those who called themselves directors, in a denomination that was above all honorific(Test of professional competence in management accounting, 2013). This reduces ethical issues in the accounting and management profession. This eans that their performance is exclusively in the interest of society and associates and are subject to a catalog of functional prescriptions that makes them active subjects of business management, not only as drivers of their objectives but also as Vigilantes of the implementation and of the results of its policies, strategies and programs, assigning them a joint and unlimited liability to the damages caused by deceit or fault to society, partners or third parties, unless there is no knowledge Of the action or omission that generates responsibility or has been voted against, provided that those who oppose the act have not executed it. How accounting degree can be used to solve workplace problems To determine the location of accounting in the field of knowledge, assuming for the present work, the different definitions of some work that relate it to the economy, regardless of whether or not they belong to the Economic School of Accounting, which was published in the virtual International Accounting and Social Responsibility of Organizations, Accounting is a social science of an economic nature whose purpose is, by means of a specific method, a way to produce information in quantitative terms, relative to the economic-patrimonial reality that occurs in an economic unit so that the users of the information can make decisions In relation to the expressed economic unit(Management accounting, 2010). Accounting is an economic science that serves the explanatory, predictive and control information of the measurement and aggregation of the value of wealth and of the income generated in the exchange of private and public subjects Research problems and accounting research problems are needed, which lead to the diagnosis and description of aspects that generate obstacles in research. As an example, research in order of the major research topics is presented through the most representative academic journals with the intention of evidencing the global accounting research. The problem that guides the argument is the need to distinguish two problematic axes in accounting research that makes this exercise an activity that historically marches slowly, seeking to understand that with the conceptual and analytical clarifications in the conceptions that govern accounting knowledge, Could contribute to the disruption of this issue. It is established that problems are not the same as motivators of research, that the problems that revolve around research as a human activity. This writing has been thought with two purposes, which are meant to mean in the title(Management accounting, 2010). On the one hand, it is implied th at there are research problems in the science or discipline of accounting, which are those that by nature move to a field of knowledge; That is, that through the accounting an investigator could explain an own fact of such discipline. This first approximation leads to linking the problems of investigation in the plane of what can be called accounting ontology, as it refers to the object of accounting study, to the facts of which accounting is concerned. On the other hand, it is understood the problems of accounting research, as the result of an accounting epistemological analysis, in the sense of outlining the main axes that lead to problematic situations in the process of accounting research as a social activity. For this first part it is necessary to make precision about what can be understood by research problem. Traditionally it has been understood that a problem is a situation of conflict, where there are two aspects that do not correspond with each other, either the reality and the explanation of it; On the other hand, a problem is understood as the absence of an explanation about aspects of reality that have not yet been addressed and / or finally that in the face of a problem the available explanations are not coherent. The above three causes are the sources of problems in science. It is important to emphasize that problems are not exhausted in the abstraction presented here, but that many problems can be generated by confusions in language, in thought, these problems would be philosophical, however, To the extent that philosophical approaches to accounting problems exist, these ways of understanding them can significantly guide researchers in providing solutions(Management accounting, 2010). The latter aspect provides a path that is not entirely unexplored, but which has been insufficiently exploited for the benefit of accounting discipline. Accounting as a scientific discipline can be approached from any of these models of science. Whatever it is, accounting research is needed from two planes; the pure and the applied. On the applied side, research becomes pragmatic, instrumental and technological, seeking concrete solutions to specific information problems derived from empirical research, inductive, starting from the state of things that exist, without trying to transform it. This investigative exercise revolves around recognizing - measuring - disclosing the accounting fact, through an information system, to generate information useful in economic decision making, within the framework of the market logic. On the "pure" side, research in accounting is based on the search for new theories, methods, techniques, to know the accounting reality through an interdisciplinary, transdisciplinary, multidisciplinary or multidisciplinary conception. The center of this type of research is the expansion of the frontiers of accountin g knowledge based on the idea that accounting is a socially, economically, politically and culturally constructed discipline. The link between these investigations and accounting practice for many is diffuse, but it must be considered that for a theory to be accepted by the scientific community it has to be recognized, tested and proven, which does not happen in short periods, even more so in The accounting field must go through the recognition of regulatory bodies and relevance to social needs. There are multiplicity of fields in which you can do accounting research either applied or what has been called here pure research, within these we locate some that are representative to give an idea of each category. The problems that are indicated in the plane of accounting epistemology are the diagnosis of the main causes of why accounting as a scientific discipline does not achieve greater developments and socio-technological impact as a social science. They belong to sociology because they detach themselves from the human relations that construct the accounting phenomenon and, therefore, it is incumbent to explain them from this perspective; Are all a consequence of the effects that variables external to the accounting science itself determine their situation. Recommendations Scientific community: the main problems around this category, is whether accounting researchers share minimum elements of methodology and there is agreement on what is or should occupy accounting? For many years there has been debate and writing on this subject, without finding any exit, given the high ideological component that occurs in the answers and proposals. Is there any consensus as to object and method? In thi s sense, apparently basic questions, but with little real impact in both research practice and academia, consensus should not necessarily be imperative. What is really required is clarity in relation to what is investigated and is intended to intervene with the investigation, in order not to invade spaces that other disciplines and sciences already of tradition do much better(Management accounting, 2010). Does the formation of the accountant support the same purposes and share the same literature? The tension in the formation of the counter, inheritance of several decades, more than diversifying approaches, alternatives and generating plurality, has been a dissociating element. What is relevant in this aspect of the problem is whether there is an understanding and understanding of opposing approaches and postures that enable academic debates of scientific rigor that contribute to a dynamic of progress. Does the community handle the same language? The semantic differences within the accounting community are evident as it arises, the distance in the members of the accounting community is not only in the language, but in the valuation and importance of the research activity and the Impact that this must have. Market: the space where accounting functions and the accounting profession properly imposes challenges on us to be able to understand the relationships that must be established between science and economics. It is an external variable of consideration because it conditions the educational system and thus the type of training that is privileged. Is accounting education contingent on the needs of the market? Is accounting research important to the market? Is there research, more for the disciplinary need than for meeting quality standards? The problems of research in accounting are a sample of the potential possibilities of disciplinary development, and are evidence that it is possible to speak of research in workplace accounting. Not only from the application of methodologies of scientific rigor, but also from the perspective of building knowledge about realities built and understood interdisciplinary, on objects and phenomena in the world that revert human, economic and social importance, from accounting as a discipline social, to build forms of recognition, measurement and accounting representation that facilitate society a much more comprehensive understanding of economic and social reality. However, the difficulties jump immediately, but they are the ones that motivate from an epistemological vision, the possibilities, the scope, the character and utility of the same, difficulties that also are object of investigation(Bowie and Werhane, 2006). This situation permeates the relationships in the accounting community, the institutions, the market and the practical utility that derives from it. The, far from being discouraging, invites us to think of research not as a problem in itself, but rather to understand it as the articulating axis that allows us to develop accounting as a dynamic social knowledge and discipline, useful to mankind, not only professionally, But in a sense of understanding of the world and of society that re-establishes it in its social value Anandarajan, M. and Simmers, C. (2002). Managing web usage in the workplace. 1st ed. Hershey, Pa.: IGI Global (701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA). Bowie, N. and Werhane, P. (2006). Management ethics. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell. Bragg, S. (2001). Cost accounting. 1st ed. New York: John Wiley. Careers in accounting. (2008). 1st ed. San Francisco, CA: WetFeet. Duska, R., Duska, B. and Ragatz, J. (2011). Accounting ethics. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell. Jeffrey, C. (2004). Research on professional responsibility and ethics in accounting. Bingley, U.K: Emerald. Jeffrey, C. (2008). Research on Professional Responsibility and Ethics in Accounting. Burlington: Emerald Group Pub. Jeffrey, C. (2010). Research on professional responsibility and ethics in accounting. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Jeffrey, C. (2014). Research on professional responsibility and ethics in accounting. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Jeffrey, C. (2016). Research on professional responsibility and ethics in accounting. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Management accounting. (2010). Wokingham, Berkshire: Kaplan Financial Ltd. Professional ethics in accounting and finance. (2012). London: BPP Learning Media Ltd. Test of professional competence in management accounting. (2013). 1st ed. London: BPP Learning Media Ltd. Weetman, P. (2016). Financial and management accounting. Harlow: Pearson

Hormones in Meat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hormones in Meat - Essay Example Still, it needs to be asserted that hormones, being biochemical, could have a bad impact on the health of unsuspecting consumers, and hence, the use of hormones in beef production ought to be controlled and checked if not banned (Gate 7). As per Schwartz, hormones happen to be the biochemicals that facilitate the exchange of information between cells in plants and animals (Schwartz 88). Hormones control the functioning of varied tissues in plants and animals and play an important role in the growth and development of varied organisms (Schwartz 88). Hormones could easily be integrated with the animal feed or delivered as injectables to control the growth and development in livestock. First and foremost, before embarking on the topic of the harmful impact of hormones on the beef consumers, it is imperative to understand why beef producers subject their livestock to hormones and the salient benefits of using hormones in beef production. It is a must to take into consideration the perspe ctive and views of the beef industry regarding the usage of growth hormones on the livestock. Sims is of the view that synthetic derivatives of hormones like estrogen, progesterone and testosterone have been approved by varied food and drug associated and agricultural institutions and are considered to be safe for usage on the livestock aimed to be sold as beef (Sims 119). They say that beef production is a business like any other business and the business community is always looking for the ways and means to make the best use of the existing scarce resources so as to get maximum yield and to accrue maximal benefits. The objective of the beef industry is to minimize inputs while trying their best to maximize outputs. It is said that during the last three decades, the beef producers have been relying on hormones to boost and maximize the production of beef. The beef producers claim that during the last thirty years, the exploitation of hormones to maximize beef production has proven to be a safe practice with little or no impact on the humans (Sims 119). Growth hormones are safe, and they are used on the livestock to boost the production of nutrients that already exist in their meat. Growth hormones not only yield cost benefits to the producers of beef thereby allowing them to get maximum beef while dedicating scarce resources, but they also help the consumers avail beef at a price that is affordable. If the beef is produced at a higher cost, the consumers will be required to pay a higher price for the beef they purchase. It needs to be understood that animals tend to have hormone levels that are different as compared to humans, and the residual of synthetic hormones left in the meat may turn out to be harmful to the consumers in some cases (Schwartz 51). Hence, the meat treated with synthetic sex hormones is not entirely safe for human consumption. When the animals are fed on or injected with hormones, the levels of hormones used on them may increase dispropor tionately, and when these residual hormones are passed on to the consumers, they may cause diseases like cancer. The uncontrolled usage of growth hormones in the beef industry may be a reason to worry for the unsuspecting consumers who intend to buy healthy nutrition for the money they pay. The residual sex hormones found in beef are not entirely safe for human consumption. For instance, many studies have linked breast cancer to the sex hormone estrogen present in the contraceptive pills, even

Yiddish Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Yiddish Literature - Essay Example ‘Joy’ is the story of a Rabbi who loses faith in his God with the adversities in his life. The Rabbi loses his children to death through sickness. His wife’s nagging and the tragedy makes him to question the existence of God. His faith trembles and he talks of shifting his belief to religion that believe in idol worship (Singer 32). He realizes that everything exist because his body makes him to feel the existence. Through the touch of the Berries and the cold water, he understands that the existence is momentary and so he does not have to worry about anything as he can’t do anything about it (Singer 33). This is the fact of life. When you experience difficulties that goes beyond your capacity of suffering, you start losing faith in your religious beliefs and question the existence of God. The absurdity of the situation is realized by the Rabbi in his deathbed. He sees the figures of his four sons, two daughters, grandfather and his father in the form of light and realizes that even when they are trying to come close to him, there is a restraint exercised on them which looks like fence. He becomes enlightened and just before dying tells Reb Abraham Moshe that one should always be joyous (Singer 37). The grotesque element makes him realize there is no point in missing the opportunity of being joyous on earth in hope of getting the joy or freedom after death in heaven. Vasil is a boy who hates and fears violence in his childhood but grows to be a soldier who resorts to violence and kills hundreds of his enemies himself. As a child he suppresses his fears

Surveillance Security research assingment Essay

Surveillance Security research assingment - Essay Example Introduction In this global technological evolution of information systems, every organization protects the network by firewalls, intrusion detection systems and other dedicated hardware. The widespread implementation of these network defense equipments facilitated the organizations to be more secure. However, the other side of the picture demonstrates that it has also maximized opportunities for hackers to breach in the systems. Security is essential part of any computer network that is operational. Security measures are mandatory as ‘www.businessdictionary.com’ covers the basics and states it as â€Å"Prevention of and protection against assault, damage, fire, fraud, invasion of privacy, theft, unlawful entry, and other such occurrences caused by deliberate action†. Another definition in the context of network security stated as â€Å"Network security covers such issues as network communication privacy, information confidentiality and integrity over network, co ntrolled access to restricted network domains and sensitive information, and using the public network, such as Internet, for private communications †. Organizations spend enormous funds only for implementing advanced security devices and security applications The reason for doing large investments in order to protect networks is understandable as the impacts of security breaches are also equivalent. Security breaches related to data theft, hacking, unauthorized access etc. impacts on organizations reputation in the market as customer data is exposed to hackers, who can use it for many purposes for financial gain. Likewise, this will also lead in severe revenue loss. The current network of 1-Click Mobile Phones Ltd has only a firewall to combat all the threats. No internal access policies are implemented, no advanced security appliances are present, and no surveillance security framework is implemented. 1-Click Mobile Phones Ltd has recognized the importance of securing the net work and hence decided to equip the network with a surveillance security cameras and biometrics, advanced security appliances, wireless security and internal access policies. The objectives of this report are to identify and prevent Unauthorized Access, Monitoring Employee activities by surveillance, Monitoring critical server, database and equipments by surveillance and Preventing Wireless access. Although, advanced firewalls support packet-filtering technology to analyze every packet before granting access. Moreover, ‘computer security incident response teams’ are deployed to perform recovery whenever an incident generates on the network. Physical Infrastructure Policy The physical infrastructure policy will add surveillance security to the current network. There are no definitions available for video surveillance security apart from this one that states it, as â€Å"Intelligent Video Solution is a system of hardware and software that aids the security executives in performing their daily tasks. An intelligent video solution can be from a single manufacturer or it can be a compilation of components (both hardware and software) from a variety of manufacturers. The net end result is that it is the sum of all of its parts performing the tasks they were designed to do† (Elliott 2010). For the current network of 1-Click Mobile Phones Ltd, a cost effective network video recording surveillance solution s required. The ‘VS-8024 VioStor NVR (Network Video Recorder)’ will fulfill all the requirements of the network as it

Concept analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Concept analysis - Assignment Example After her first three years of work, she was voted as the best nurse in terms of all round mutual care. Most of the patients like her for her active listening role in their discussion and she always took time to study in order to get more insight into caring for her patients. Mr. Tom Chuck passed his nursing NCLEX exam and was employed as a care nurse in a mental institution. After working for three months, he had been reported to the management by patients for not listening to them. He however took time to study in order to get more insight into caring for her patients. Josephine Monroe passed her nursing NCLEX exam and was later hired as a registered nurse in geriatric care hospital. Barely had two years passed before she was voted as the best nurse in the hospital. Most of the patients like her for her active listening role in their discussion and she always took time to study in order to get more insight into caring for her patients. June Foster has been employed in a mental institution as a caring nurse. She appears less competent than normal compared to other nurses and is never at work early. Many issues have been raised against her nursing qualification and patients complain about her ignorance. Kyla Evans is registered nurse who graduated top in her class and got a job with a leading general care hospital in the country. After her first one year at the job, Ms. Evans has been able to work in different departments of the hospital and always voted as the best nurse in each department. Potter Davis worked for thirty years as a registered nurse and quit his work as a nursing professional in order to go to private practice. Prior quitting, Mr. Davies has not furthered his studies and was quite lazy in helping other colleagues at work. Two years after quitting his license expired and never bothered to renew it. He later applied to be reinstated back to active nursing practice after staying out of practice